Relation (Verhältnis)

Hegel (throughout, a structural core concept)

Verhältnis designates the mutual relation of determinations to one another. In the logic of being: the quantitative relation (proportion, exponent). In the logic of essence, relation becomes central: whole/parts, force/expression, inner/outer. The highest form is reciprocal action, where both sides mutually constitute one another (A⇄B). The relation is not external between ready-made relata; rather, the relata exist only through their relation. Example: teacher and student exist only in their relation, not in isolation.

Origin

"Relatio" (Lat.) as a philosophical category since Aristotle (pros ti - in relation to). Leibniz emphasized: relations are not merely conceptual. Hegel radicalizes: substance is the relation of its moments.

In Hegel

Enz. §105; Science of Logic, Vol. 1, Quantity